A review on autoimmune neurological diseases reveals what occurs in our body when the immune system, by mistake, produces antibodies that target a protein essential for the normal functioning of nerves. The result is hyperexcitability, that is, uncontr…
Normally, the immune system recognizes and eliminates abnormal cells. However, cancer cells can develop strategies to evade this control: they block defense mechanisms or send inhibitory signals. In this way, tumors can grow unchecked. In a collaborati…
A laboratory study out of Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center outlines a new way to boost the effectiveness of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy in solid-tumor cancers, resulting in their eradication. Led by Renier Brentjens, MD, Ph.D…
Glioblastoma is the most common form of brain cancer in adults, and its consequences are usually quick and fatal. After receiving standard-of-care treatment (surgery followed by radiation and chemotherapy), fewer than half of patients will survive long…
Researchers at Yale University School of Medicine have identified a way to suppress the daily fluctuations in the activity of key immune cells known as neutrophils.
A study published in the Journal of Clinical Oncology confirms that one of the first Food and Drug Administration-approved CAR-T cell therapies offers long-term survival and potential cures for adult patients with relapsed or refractory large B-cell ly…
In multiple myeloma, plasma cells proliferate uncontrollably in the bone marrow, disrupting the growth of healthy blood-forming cells. If the disease recurs after treatment or fails to respond, CAR T-cell therapy may be considered. In this innovative a…
Antibody treatments for cancer and other diseases are typically delivered intravenously, because of the large volumes that are needed per dose. This means the patient has to go to a hospital for every treatment, where they may spend hours receiving the…
Ever notice that as you get older, some foods no longer sit with you the same? This could be due to a breakdown of the intestinal epithelium, a single layer of cells that forms the organ’s lining. The intestine plays a crucial role in many health funct…
Allergic sensitization follows distinct regional patterns, and molecular IgE profiling can reveal these profiles in detail. An international research team has now demonstrated both phenomena in a population-based study of 1,000 adults from five cities …
A team led by scientists at King’s College London, in collaboration with national and international partners, has discovered how a specific group of immune cells in the gut—Group 3 Innate Lymphoid Cells (ILC3s)—promote intestinal health by activating a…
Why do certain immune cells remain permanently active in allergic asthma—even in an environment that should actually damage them? A team from the University Hospital Bonn (UKB) and the University of Bonn has discovered that these cells only survive bec…
J Immunol. 2025 Dec 12:vkaf317. doi: 10.1093/jimmun/vkaf317. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Human macrophages (MΦs) reside in tissues and develop tissue-specific identities. While studies in mice have identified molecular signatures for site-specific MΦ differentiation, less is known about the transcriptional profiles of human MΦs in distinct sites, including mucosal tissues and lymphoid organs during homeostasis … Read more
J Immunol. 2025 Dec 12:vkaf298. doi: 10.1093/jimmun/vkaf298. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Pregnancy is characterized by dynamic immunological adaptations which are essential for maintaining both maternal and fetal health. The first-time use of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines in pregnant individuals presented an opportunity to discover pregnancy-specific immunoproteomic signatures across gestation. In this study, we … Read more
J Leukoc Biol. 2025 Dec 12:qiaf179. doi: 10.1093/jleuko/qiaf179. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT While sex differences in neutrophil metabolism have been documented, whether this metabolic dimorphism extends to specific neutrophil subsets remains unknown.LDNs are characterized by their lower buoyant density compared to normal-density neutrophils(NDNs), are present in low numbers in healthy individuals, and are often … Read more
J Leukoc Biol. 2025 Dec 12:qiaf178. doi: 10.1093/jleuko/qiaf178. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Arthritis imposes a substantial global burden and remains without curative therapy. Among the most prevalent forms, rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and osteoarthritis (OA) differ in etiology but converge on pathogenic tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα) signaling. A key regulatory node is TNFR2, which promotes … Read more
J Clin Immunol. 2025 Dec 12. doi: 10.1007/s10875-025-01970-3. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT INTRODUCTION: Primary ‘predominantly antibody deficiencies’ (PADs) are rare disorders characterized by increased susceptibility to infections, autoimmunity, allergies, and malignancies. Their low prevalence and heterogeneity often delay diagnosis, increasing morbidity and mortality. This study identifies infection patterns in PAD patients and analyzes predictors … Read more
Background
Intratumoral vaccines offer a promising avenue in cancer immunotherapy by harnessing the tumor microenvironment to stimulate immune responses. However, challenges persist in maximizing their effectiveness and addressing immune suppression w…
Background
High-risk neuroblastoma (HR-NBL) is an aggressive tumor of the sympathetic nervous system with high risk of relapse and poor overall survival. Allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplant (allo-HCT) has been used previously in patients with HR-…
by Feng, Y., Wang, H., Zhu, Z., Deng, W., He, X., Yao, Y., Song, M., Peng, X., Lin, Y., Cai, L.
Background
Bone metastasis (BM) drives therapeutic resistance and mortality in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Tumor metabolites are crucial for NPC metastasis; however, the mechanisms by which these metabolites synergistically alter the immune microe…
J Leukoc Biol. 2025 Dec 11:qiaf175. doi: 10.1093/jleuko/qiaf175. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Pediatric burn injury induces concurrent systemic inflammation and immune dysfunction, which is associated with adverse clinical outcomes (e.g., infections). For that reason, immunomodulating therapies, such as granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), have been of great interest to augment the immune response following … Read more
BackgroundAn increased risk of severe infectious disease and acute antibody-mediated rejection (AMR) has been described after ABOi renal transplantation. We performed a prospective renal transplant study up to 5 years posttransplant to detect long-term…
IntroductionChimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR)–based therapies have transformed cancer treatment, especially in hematological malignancies. While the impact of co-stimulatory domains on CAR-T cell efficacy is well established, the optimal signaling module…
ObjectiveTo deepen understanding of the correlation between intracranial tumor and serum myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein immunoglobulin G (MOG-IgG) positivity, emphasizing the importance of avoiding misdiagnosis.MethodsWe report a case involving a …
BackgroundDiffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) exhibits immunological heterogeneity that influences outcomes of immunochemotherapy, with CD8+ T cells playing a critical role in patient prognosis.MethodsWe integrated single-cell and bulk transcriptome …
ObjectiveThis study aimed to explore the value of clinical-radiomics features for predicting response to immunotherapy in extensive-stage small cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC).MethodsThis retrospective study enrolled patients with ES-SCLC who received immun…
Macrophage polarization represents a fundamental plasticity process within innate immunity, profoundly influencing tissue homeostasis and disease progression. Based on developmental origins, macrophages are categorized into tissue-resident macrophages …
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a major cause of severe respiratory tract infections in infants, older adults, and immunocompromised individuals. Despite decades of research, effective therapies are limited, largely due to an incomplete understand…
IntroductionBovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) is a major pathogen in cattle globally. Nanobodies (Nbs) possess attractive therapeutic properties, but their efficacy against intracellular targets like BVDV is hindered by poor membrane permeability.Meth…
Conventional approaches to the titration of serum antibody binding use mid-point or end-point titers that are in a relative space and are therefore difficult to standardize. Here we propose the use of the thermodynamic titer, which, under appropriate m…
BackgroundHemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a rare and life-threatening syndrome characterized by immune dysregulation and excessive inflammation. Although diagnostic criteria and treatment protocols of HLH are well-established for pediatric …
Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype-3 (ST-3) continues to be a major contributor to pneumococcal disease burden despite its inclusion in multivalent pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCV). Therefore, there is a pressing need to develop vaccines that can e…
Organ-specific autoimmune and rare inflammatory diseases present significant challenges for clinical trial design due to profound patient heterogeneity, small population sizes, and complex tissue-specific pathophysiology. To address these hurdles, this…
BackgroundAtherosclerosis (AS) remains a leading cause of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, characterized by intricate interactions between immune dysregulation and lipid metabolism abnormalities—identifying key mediators in its pathogenesis is c…
Regulatory T (Treg) cells are essential for maintaining immune tolerance, preventing autoimmune responses, and supporting tissue repair. Tregs employ a flexible and diverse metabolic program that includes glycolysis, oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS),…
BackgroundMaresin1 (MaR1), a specialized pro-resolving mediator derived from docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), exerts potent anti-inflammatory and cytoprotective actions. Its therapeutic relevance and underlying mechanisms in intestinal ischemia–reperfusion …
The early phase of drug development relies on the examination of the efficacy and safety of therapeutic agents in animal models. Due to their close genetic and physiological relation to humans, cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis) are a promising a…
The repair of functional innervated and vascularized skeletal muscle from severe injuries, such as critical limb ischemia, denervation, and volumetric muscle loss, remains a critical clinical challenge. Regenerative cell therapies are often hindered by…
L-asparaginase, a critical enzyme for cancer therapy, has been primarily produced by microbes. Researches are being conducted to identify better stabilizing, low immunogenicity and highly active alternative sources has focused on marine microorganisms….
Organ-on-chip (OoC) technology aims to replicate key physiological functions of one or more tissues within sophisticated three-dimensional microfluidic platforms. Beyond their engineering advances, OoC systems are increasingly recognized for their pote…
G protein-coupled receptor 35 (GPR35), a member of the largest druggable gene family, has emerged as a critical regulator of tumor metabolism and immune modulation. Aberrant expression of GPR35 is frequently observed in digestive system malignancies an…
BackgroundSenile osteoporosis (SOP) is linked to the ubiquitination process, with dysregulation of ubiquitin-mediated protein turnover disrupting bone remodeling and resulting in decreased bone mineral density (BMD). This study aimed to identify biomar…
Pemphigus vulgaris (PV) and pemphigus foliaceus (PF) are blistering disorders mediated predominantly by IgG1 and IgG4 antibodies directed towards desmoglein (Dsg)1 and/or 3. The anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody rituximab is a highly effective treatment fo…
Pulmonary fibrosis (PF) is a progressive, fatal interstitial lung disease with a dire prognosis and limited therapeutic options. Current standard-of-care anti-fibrotic agents (e.g., nintedanib and pirfenidone) offer only modest efficacy in slowing dise…
Cutaneous granulomatous diseases, characterized by persistent granuloma formation, often exhibit chronic and relapsing courses that are challenging to manage with conventional therapies. The Janus kinase (JAK)–signal transducer and activator of transcr…
BackgroundChronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a progressive inflammatory lung disorder influenced by environmental and genetic factors. The rs3741240 polymorphism in the SCGB1A1 gene, which encodes the anti-inflammatory protein CC16, is con…
J Immunol. 2025 Dec 11:vkaf221. doi: 10.1093/jimmun/vkaf221. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Tristetraprolin (TTP) is an anti-inflammatory protein that mediates messenger RNA (mRNA) decay of certain transcripts, especially those encoding proinflammatory cytokines. TTP modulates various pathological outcomes in diverse inflammatory diseases; however, its role in ozone (O3)-induced acute lung injury (ALI) has never been tested. … Read more
by Lenz, J. A., DiBona, J., Atherton, M. J., Roy-Ghanta, S., Schmidt, H., Hart, T., Yu, J. W.
Background
Stimulator of interferon genes (STING) agonist drugs can induce expression of interferon stimulated genes (ISGs) and proinflammatory cytokine production aimed to enhance antitumor immunity. The purpose of the current study was to determine …
Background
Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) abundantly infiltrate tumors and possess potent antitumor capabilities. “Don‘t eat me” signals like CD47 allow tumors to evade macrophages and proliferate unchecked. CD47 is upregulated in many tumo…
Curr Opin Immunol. 2025 Dec 9;98:102706. doi: 10.1016/j.coi.2025.102706. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Tryptophan (TRP) metabolism has long been associated with cancer immunity, primarily through the kynurenine pathway mediated by indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) and tryptophan-2,3-dioxygenase (TDO2). Both enzymes can deplete TRP within cells and in local microenvironments, triggering dysfunction of T cells with anti-tumor functions. … Read more
J Immunol. 2025 Dec 10:vkaf297. doi: 10.1093/jimmun/vkaf297. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Enhancing regulatory T cell (Treg) function offers a compelling therapeutic strategy for autoimmune disease. Engineered IL-2 muteins selectively expand functional Tregs with minimal impact on other immune cells, but their potential to compromise antiviral immunity remains largely unexplored. Here, we used a murine … Read more
Neuroinflammation represents the central pathological process in neurological disorders. Effectively regulating neuroinflammation to restore immune homeostasis and alleviate neuronal damage has emerged as a critical strategy in the prevention and treat…
Epstein–Barr virus (EBV)-associated encephalitis is seen in patients who have undergone allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant and can be associated with significant morbidity and mortality. The mainstay of treatment has been antiviral therapy w…
Metabolic diseases, including obesity, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular disorders, are increasingly recognized as chronic inflammatory conditions driven by dysregulated immune-metabolic interactions. Two pivotal regulators of this crosstalk are Raf …
Fungal infections pose a grave threat to individuals with compromised immune systems, and the accelerated proliferation of drug-resistant strains has led to a marked decline in the effectiveness of conventional antifungal medications in clinical settin…
IntroductionRegulatory T cells (Treg)-based therapies are increasingly used for treating autoimmune or graft-versus-host (GVHD) disease. Given their low frequency, several approaches aimed at amplifying them or at increasing their immunosuppressive act…
Background and aimsHepatitis B virus (HBV) causes chronic hepatic infection, leading to various advanced liver diseases. Currently, there is still a lack of effective non-invasive biomarkers for evaluating hepatic inflammation and fibrosis. Circulating…
IntroductionAllergic disease is a common and symptomatically heterogeneous group of inflammatory disorders marked by overactive Th2 and mast cell (MC) responses along with eosinophil infiltration. Treatment options require continual assessment due to b…
ObjectiveTo assess the diagnostic performance of whole-tumor histogram analysis of multiparametric MRI in predicting programmed cell death ligand-1 (PD-L1) expression in primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL).MethodsA total of 130 patients wit…
